What Changes Did the Motor Vehicles Amendment Act, 2019 Bring?

The Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 2019 was introduced to bring significant reforms to traffic management, road safety, and the enforcement of traffic laws in India. This comprehensive amendment seeks to address the growing concerns regarding traffic violations, road accidents, and poor enforcement of existing laws. The Act brings about changes that tighten penalties, introduce new provisions for road safety, and modernize traffic law enforcement in India.

Key Changes in the Motor Vehicles Amendment Act, 2019:

Stricter Penalties for Traffic Violations:

The 2019 amendment introduced heavier fines for many traffic violations. The objective was to act as a deterrent against reckless driving and violations.

For example, fines for over-speeding were increased, not wearing seatbelts can now lead to a fine of ₹1,000, and driving without a helmet can cost ₹1,000 as well.

Driving without a license or insurance now attracts fines of ₹5,000 and ₹2,000, respectively.

Introduction of Bharat NCAP (New Car Assessment Program):

The amendment introduces the Bharat NCAP to assess vehicle safety standards. This program aims to assess the safety features of vehicles sold in India and will be used as a benchmark for promoting safer cars.

Cars with better safety ratings will be incentivized, and this aims to improve overall vehicle safety standards in India.

Enhancement of Compensation for Road Accident Victims:

The Amendment Act provides for a substantial increase in compensation for victims of road accidents. The Motor Accident Claims Tribunal (MACT) is empowered to award compensation more efficiently, ensuring quicker relief to accident victims and their families.

It also ensures that the victims of road accidents, especially those caused by hit-and-run drivers, receive adequate compensation from the insurance companies.

Introduction of the Hit and Run Compensation Scheme:

The Motor Vehicles Amendment Act, 2019 introduces a compensation scheme for hit-and-run accidents. Under this provision, a hit-and-run victim will be eligible to receive compensation from the Central Government Fund.

Compensation can range from ₹2 lakh (in case of death) and ₹50,000 (in case of grievous injury).

Digitalization of Traffic Law Enforcement:

The 2019 amendments emphasize digital enforcement. It facilitates the use of electronic monitoring systems such as CCTV cameras and traffic management systems for effective tracking of violations.

A National Register will be maintained for violators, and penalties for offenses can be paid online, making it easier for both authorities and the public to handle traffic violations.

E-challans and traffic violation records will be digitized, allowing for smoother and faster processing of fines and penalties.

Provision for Vehicle Fitness and Maintenance:

Under the 2019 amendments, vehicles will be subjected to more stringent fitness tests, especially older vehicles. This aims to reduce accidents caused by poor vehicle condition and improve overall vehicle safety.

The requirement of obtaining a fitness certificate for vehicles that are more than 15 years old is made mandatory. This includes both private and commercial vehicles.

Promotion of Non-Motorized Transport:

The Act encourages the use of non-motorized transport such as cycling and walking. Specific provisions have been made for creating designated lanes for cyclists and pedestrians, thereby enhancing their safety.

Cycle tracks and footpaths are expected to be developed in urban areas.

Changes in the Licensing System:

The amendment introduces a new licensing system for drivers, including provisional licenses and stricter penalties for unlicensed driving.

The minimum age for obtaining a driving license has been defined clearly, and it also provides for the renewal of licenses through online portals.

Increase in Penalties for Drunk Driving and Reckless Driving:

The penalties for driving under the influence (DUI) of alcohol or drugs have been increased. Drivers caught drunk driving can face heavy fines and imprisonment.

Reckless driving leading to accidents can result in imprisonment for up to 2 years along with a fine of up to ₹1 lakh.

Focus on Road Safety for Children:

The amendment has provisions for child safety. Parents or guardians of children who are not seated with seatbelts or in proper child seats will be penalized.

It also emphasizes that school buses must have proper safety equipment like first-aid kits, speed governors, and well-trained drivers.

Introduction of the National Road Safety Board (NRSB):

The National Road Safety Board has been constituted to provide expert advice and make recommendations for improving road safety. This board will collaborate with various states and municipalities to improve road infrastructure and implement safety standards.

Provisions for Offenses by Juvenile Drivers:

The amendment introduces provisions where juvenile drivers caught driving without a license can face severe penalties. The guardians or parents of such juveniles will also be held accountable and face penalties.

The provision also mandates the registration of juveniles for accidents, allowing their details to be tracked.

Example:

A driver in Delhi is caught driving under the influence of alcohol. Under the Motor Vehicles Amendment Act, 2019, the fine has been raised to ₹10,000 (previously ₹2,000), and he could face imprisonment for up to 6 months for a first offense.

Conclusion:

The Motor Vehicles Amendment Act, 2019 brought about substantial changes aimed at improving road safety, penalties for traffic violations, and ensuring that vehicles meet higher safety standards. The law aims to encourage more efficient traffic law enforcement, reduce road accidents, and improve public safety on Indian roads. Through the introduction of digital enforcement, increased fines, and a comprehensive compensation system, the Act hopes to curb reckless driving and promote safer driving practices across India.