1. Automatic Protection Under Berne Convention: - India is a member of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, 1886. - Works originating in India are automatically protected in other member countries without any need for formal registration. 2. TRIPS Agreement: - As a member of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), India’s copyrights are protected in all WTO member countries. - The agreement ensures minimum standards of protection and enforcement across member countries. 3. Bilateral and Multilateral Treaties: - India is also a member of the Universal Copyright Convention (UCC), which provides protection in non-Berne Convention countries that are signatories to the UCC. 4. Registration of Copyrights Abroad: - Although international protection is automatic, registration in foreign countries can strengthen enforcement. - For instance, in the United States, registration with the U.S. Copyright Office provides additional benefits, such as statutory damages and attorney’s fees in case of infringement. 5. Enforcement Mechanisms: - Cease and Desist Notices: Sending legal notices to infringers abroad. - Filing Lawsuits: Initiating legal proceedings under the copyright laws of the country where infringement occurred. - Customs Enforcement: Working with foreign customs authorities to prevent the import of infringing copies. 6. Licensing and Agreements: - Entering into international licensing agreements specifying terms of use and enforcement in case of infringement. 7. International Copyright Societies: - Partnering with foreign copyright societies to monitor and enforce copyrights, particularly for musical and audiovisual works.